共享时间开放平面幼儿园未来学前教育建筑的提(4)
研究表明,幼儿园的共享时间原则使社交活动提高了两倍多,孩子们对器材的使用增加了3倍,而他们的体育活动是传统幼儿园中同龄人的7倍。波德戈列幼儿园的孩子们平均每天要跑或走20圈,相当于1.5km。各种主题活动角(多达42处)、大量黑板、各类体育器材以及便捷的使用条件会培养孩子们活泼的性格,去发现和追求自己的爱好;不论是否处于小组活动中,他们都可以随时去使用它们。
游乐室只在午休和活动需要高度集中时关闭。开放式的设计为教师提供了良好的合作条件,并让孩子们能与兴趣相同的小伙伴一起玩耍,而不在乎年龄的差距。游乐室采用了各不相同的设计,以满足不同的兴趣:有些更适合音乐,有些则像艺术工作室,等等。它们的共同点在于都将鼓励运动作为孩子身心健康成长的基础之一。
大部分家具和器材都有轮子,可以快速高效地调整,实现不同的空间配置。它也便于快捷地将任何器材移到公共室里,使它从大厅变成一个多功能空间,满足从体育到戏剧表演各种不同的单人或小组活动需要。
幼儿园的外部也是为孩子们订制的,并将一系列立面元素作为游戏。朝西的墙面上有一幅成长身高表,上面有特定动物的典型高度。幼儿园南面玻璃窗之间的墙面上有黑板涂料,让孩子们可以在那里涂涂画画。转角还有一面可以攀爬的墙。
游乐场的设计尽可能地使用了天然材料,并且所有体育和游乐活动场地都有景观环绕。那里有橡胶地面、草坪,包括沙箱、戏水区、攀爬区和带隧道的多功能小山、滑梯和爬绳。背面用于冬季滑雪橇,其他季节则作为椭圆形的足球场。
这个项目的一个组成部分是一年级的教室。它的标志性特征是包含多种能有效帮助孩子们掌握不同类型知识的设计元素。门旁的地面量角器就是一例,它标示出门在开合时的不同角度。天花板上还画有各种几何元素。教室中的每把座椅背后都有白色的字母,帮助孩子们潜移默化地学习大小写字母。
10 许许多多的活动角让幼儿园成了游乐场,比如带黑板的藏猫猫角,以及能让3个孩子一起玩的曲形滑梯/Several nooks as hidding nook with blackboard and toboggan for three kids at once make kindergarten a fun place to be
11 这里采用了多种被动学习要素。例如,孩子们可以通过门的移动学习角度/Several passive learning elements were introduced. For example kids learn about the angles with the movement of the doors
12.13 走廊和游乐室的通路将各个空间连接起来,并鼓励孩子们运动/Road along the corridors and playrooms connects spaces and encourages movements
(10-13 波德戈列共享时间幼儿园,尤雷·科特尼克供图/Timeshare Podgorje, Courtesy of Jure Kotnik)
Playrooms are only closed for naps and activities demanding a high level of concentration,the open design fostering excellent cooperation among teachers and allowing children to play with peers with shared interests regardless of are designed differently to accommodate different interests: some are better for music, others resemble art studios, etc. What they all have in common is that they encourage movement as one of the foundations for a child's healthy physical and mental development.
Most furniture and equipment is on wheels,allowing fast and efficient changes and different spatial configurations. It is also easy and timeeffective to move any equipment into the common room and transform it from a hall into a multifunctional space that can accommodate various individual or group activities, from sports to drama acting.
The exterior of the kindergarten is also tailored to its inhabitants, with a series of fa?ade elements functioning as play elements. The westfacing wall has a growth chart with typical heights of selected animals indicated in it. The segments of wall interrupting the glazed south side of the kindergarten are covered in blackboard paint so children can scribble and draw on it, and it also features a climbing wall in the corner.
The playground is designed to use as much natural materials as possible, and the landscape is meant to cover all areas of physical activity and are rubber surfaces, grass surfaces, including sandboxes, a water game area, a climbing area and a multi-functional hill with a tunnel, slide and climbing rope. Its back side will be used for sledging in winter, and as an amphitheatre for a football field during the rest of the year.
A component part of this project is a classroom for first graders. Its signature feature is design elements that effectively help children gain different types of knowledge. An example is the floor angle metre next to the door, which indicates various angles as the door swings back and forth, or ceiling paintings with geometry elements. Each chair in the classroom has white letters attached to its back, helping children passively learn small and capital letters.
文章来源:《学前教育研究》 网址: http://www.xqjyyjzz.cn/qikandaodu/2021/0514/754.html